In reply to rj_townsend:
I have a micro four thirds camera which has some impressive noise issues when doing long exposures at night. This means that I had to use Noise reduction. Many Astro photographers would be screaming at their screens reading this comment.
I used my Panasonic GH5 and Laowa 7.5mm lens, and took 250 shots at 10 second exposures. I had to wait 10 seconds after each shot while the camera did internal Noise Reduction. Everything was shot in RAW
For post production I used an old version of Lightroom 5 to delete all aircraft and satellites that were captured in the 250 frames. It took a very long time. I then converted the RAW shots to a TIFF file format to edit further.
I used a free piece of software called StarStax to mix all the 250 TIFF shots into a single image.
I then chose one of the 250 shots which had a good foreground subject and used a free photo editing software called GIMP to remove the sky. I then used GIMP to mix the StarStax image and the GIMP image which had the foreground.
Finally I titillated the composite image using photo editing software called Luminar. I find that I get better results editing photos with Luminar than I do with my old version of Lightroom.
All this could have easily been done with Lightroom and Photoshop but I refuse to pay a monthly subscription to use software that I probably only use once every month or two. I am willing and happy to pay a one off licence fee but I'm not being ripped off paying monthly.
I used:
StarStax
An old copy of Lightroom which is 9 years old
Luminar 4
GIMP 2.10